Ukrainian Scientific Society of Anatomists, Histologists, Embryologists Morfologiâ 1997-9665 1 3 2007 9 19 Origin and the embryonic transformations of vertebrate heart conducting system Походження та ембріональні перетворення провідної системи серця хребетних 5 11 UK I. V. Tverdokhleb Ju. V. Silkina 2007 5 8 2007 6 10 As the embryonic structure, the cardiac conduction system must continue to develop in a coordinated manner at all embryonic stages. This requires not only the formation of distinct components of the conduction system, but the integration of these components into a functioning whole. The development of the chambered heart and a conduction system requires the proper arrangement of a number of embryonic building blocks, comprising inflow tract, atria, atrioventricular canal, compact and trabecular ventricular myocardium, and outflow tract. In the mammalian heart, the sinoatrial and atrioventricular nodes will aggregate in the slow-conducting inflow tract and atrioventricular canal. The ventricular conduction system may develop in its entirety from the trabecular ventricular myocardium, the remodeling of which results in a gradual transition toward the compact myocardium. So the development of the conduction system does not require the invention of new building components but a remodeling of existing components. Many details in the fashioning of the embryonic blocks of the heart into the conduction system of the formed heart still need to be worked out. The factors that specify the cardiac building blocks and regulate their coordinated morphogenesis have remained largely unknown. Their identification will benefit from combined molecular, genetic, and morphological approaches.

Ukrainian Scientific Society of Anatomists, Histologists, Embryologists Morfologiâ 1997-9665 1 3 2007 9 19 The common properties and the heterogeneity of dermal fibroblast subpopulations Загальні властивості і гетерогенітет субпопуляцій фібробластів шкіри 12 20 UK O. I. Makarchuk 2007 4 27 2007 6 3 Dermal fibroblasts are a dynamic and diverse population of cells whose functions in skin in many respects remain unknown. Normal adult human skin contains at least three distinct subpopulations of fibroblasts, which occupy unique niches in the dermis. Fibroblasts from each of these niches exhibit distinctive differences when cultured separately. Specific differences in fibroblast histophysiology are evident in papillary dermal fibroblasts, which reside in the superficial dermis, and reticular fibroblasts, which reside in the deep dermis. Both of these subpopulations of fibroblasts differ from the fibroblasts that are associated with hair follicles. Fibroblasts engage in fibroblast-epidermal interactions during hair development and in interfollicular regions of skin. They also play an important role in cutaneous structural transformations.

Ukrainian Scientific Society of Anatomists, Histologists, Embryologists Morfologiâ 1997-9665 1 3 2007 9 19 Complex description of nervous fabric’s morphological changes in the conditions of experimental cerebral ischemia on a background application of nootrops Комплексна характеристика морфологічних змін нервової тканини в умовах експериментальної ішемії головного мозку на тлі застосування ноотропних засобів 21 26 UK N. V. Zhuravel’ V. I. Mamchur 2007 5 6 2007 6 9 In experiments on male Wistar rats distinctions in operations of nootrops on the right and left hemispheres of brain are studied by conducting of neuromorphological research with the use of immunohystochemical methods. The model of experimental ischemic stroke was used. Pathology was designed by 2-sided bandaging of general carotids at rats. On 4 and 18 days of ischemia the morphological and functional condition of nervous cells, maintenance of РNA in them, stake of apoptotic cells, and also amount of c-fos-positive neurons was studied. Some distinctions are set in nootrops influence on renewal of right and left hemispheric nervous tissue. The conclusions are done about the superior neuroprotective action of Pikamilone as compared to Aminalone. And also a tendency is exposed to greater to more early renewals of nervous fabric of right hemisphere under influencing of Pikamilone, in less degree – Aminalone. The findings can be used for development of rational charts of treatment of the brain pathology with hemispheric localization.

Ukrainian Scientific Society of Anatomists, Histologists, Embryologists Morfologiâ 1997-9665 1 3 2007 9 19 Mathematical design of morphometric indexes of heart of men of mature age Математическое моделирование морфометрических показателей сердца мужчин зрелого возраста 27 31 RU А. А. Indzhikulyan 2007 5 3 2007 8 6 Purpose of the conducted research is to create the mathematical models of morphometric indexes of heart for the men of mature age depending on the antropometric and somatic parameters of structure of body. As research material served 196 men of the first and second mature age period. Measuring of 55 anthropometric indexes (total, longitudinal, transversal, circumferences sizes of body, thickness of leather-fatty folds) was made with the subsequent calculation of different indexes. It was established that mass, length, thickness, perimeters of heart, aorta and pulmonary barrel depend on the total complex of anthropometric and somatic type’s descriptions of body more than on 50%. For such morphometric indexes of heart, as a thickness of walls of right, left ventricle, and also interventricular septum, the reliable depending of antropometric and so-matic parameters body was set, however much exactness of description of these indexes is within the limits of 35-45%. The sizes of circumferences of body, longitudinal and transversal sizes of thorax, length of trunk, transversal sizes of pelvis, cir-cumferences of thigh and wide part of shin, thickness of leather-fatty folds, and also index of relation of deltoid diameter to length of body and index of Brugsh, are more frequent than all included in the models of morphometric indexes of heart. From the indexes of component composition of body’s mass a muscular component is included in models.

Ukrainian Scientific Society of Anatomists, Histologists, Embryologists Morfologiâ 1997-9665 1 3 2007 9 19 Geterogenety walls of heart on stages of early human cardiogenesis Гетероморфність стінки серця на етапах раннього кардіогенезу людини 32 34 UK S. V. Kozlov H. A. Savenkova 2007 4 28 2007 5 30 We explored dynamics of structural-functional transformations of tissue and cellular components of walls of heart during the early embryology development of man. We took the hearts served by material 10 embryos of man 6-10 weeks of prenatal development, which fixed by the liquid Buen as a research material and made cuts on the generally accepted methods. The research showed, that forming of walls of early embryonic heart has already had definite geteromorphology on the most early stages of cardiogenesis. Exposed some stages of forming of walls of heart: formation of the three-layered wall of early tubular heart; delyamination of myocardium of cardiac wall of ventricles; perforation of delyamination plate of ventricles and formation of the myocardial thrusting out in the road clearance of heart in ventricules that is formation of trabeculas; union of basal parts of trabecul; forming of the multilevel spiral system of myocardium.

Ukrainian Scientific Society of Anatomists, Histologists, Embryologists Morfologiâ 1997-9665 1 3 2007 9 19 Qualitative and quantitative characteristic of angiogenesis in tumour transplantants under the influence of radiation therapy in rats Якісна та кількісна характеристика ангіогенезу в опромінених пухлинних трансплантатах у щурів 35 41 UK S. A. Lysenko 2007 4 26 2007 6 4 Qualitative and quantitative results of morphological investigation of experimental Geren’s tumour angiogenesis under the influence of radiation therapy according to intensive technique are presented. Microscopic and morphometric analysis of vascular channel in control and radiation tumour transplantants in 80-th an race rats of both sex are executed. Multivariance procedures of generalization linear models of system SAS are used because of statistic processing. General degeneration of parenchyma and vascular channel of tumours as well as signs of inhibitory influence of radiation on vessel development were revealed by means of light and electronic microscopy. In histomorphometric estimation of angiogenesis parameters tumours of the animals subjected to telegammatherapy showed considerably decreased density of vessel’s and relation area of vessel’s to area of tumour and essentially increased mean area of one vessel in comparison with tumours of the animals comprising control group. Such changes occur in dynamics, i.e. with growth of experimental tumours from the 12-th to 28-th day after their transplantation. Therefore, radiation therapy it is possible has to antiangiogenic action.

Ukrainian Scientific Society of Anatomists, Histologists, Embryologists Morfologiâ 1997-9665 1 3 2007 9 19 Histotopography of receptors for lectins in some chick and human embryonic structures Гистотопография рецепторов лектинов в некоторых эмбриональных структурах кур и человека 42 49 RU N. V. Lutay M. A. Mashtalir A. Z. Brazaluk I. V. Tverdokhleb 2007 5 16 2007 6 12 The distribution of the lectin-receptors for WGA, LCA, LAL, PSA, STA, PFA, SBA, PNA, VAA in the tissues of the chick embryos during 3-8 embryonic days and 10-weeks-old human fetus was investigated in this work. The selective binding with different structures of human fetus for all of lectins except for VAA was shown. The receptors for lectins were presented in the tissues of endodermal origin and in the some of the mesenchimal structures. The distinct density of the lectin-receptors distribution on the surface of the cells indicates that differentiation differs in the various cell populations. The amount of receptors for lectins was unchanged in the observed cell groups during chick embryogenesis. All of lectins except for HPL were bound by epithelial cells – surface ectoderm, ependimal layer of the neural tube, vascular endothelium, and mesothelium of the serose cavities. Apoptotic cells stained clearly in the heart, truncal and limb mesenchyme with LCA, RCA, and WGA. SNA stained the extracellular matrix containing a high level of the acid glycosaminoglycans.

Ukrainian Scientific Society of Anatomists, Histologists, Embryologists Morfologiâ 1997-9665 1 3 2007 9 19 The morphological characteristic of regenerative neuroma of peripheral nerve in conditions of its injury and application of omega-3-polyunsaturated fatty acids Морфологічна характеристика регенераційної невроми периферійного нерва за умов його пошкодження та застосування омега-3-поліненасичених жирних кислот 50 53 UK A. V. Korsak Yu. B. Chaikovsky O. M. Grabovyj T. R. Skibinska 2007 5 6 2007 6 8 Experiment was carried out on white rats, which were divided into 3 groups. Experimental trauma of the sciatic nerve was carried out in 1 and 2 groups. Standart trauma of the sciatic nerve was carried out in 3 groups. Drug correction was not applied in the first group. Omega-3-polyunsaturated fatty acids were applied during 3 weeks in a doze 0,04 g /kg a day in the second group of animals. Drug correction applied in the second group. Morphological characteristic of regenerative neuroma of sciatic nerve in 6 weeks after the injury in 1,2,3 groups of animals was studied. The results obtained testify, that in the group of rats with pharmacological correction by omega-3-polyunsaturated fatty acids process of regeneration was activated.

Ukrainian Scientific Society of Anatomists, Histologists, Embryologists Morfologiâ 1997-9665 1 3 2007 9 19 Polymorphism of mitochondria in rat auriclar contractive cardiomyocites under the chronic alcoholic intoxication Поліморфізм мітохондрій у складі скоротливих кардіоміоцитів передсердь щурів в умовах хронічної алкогольної інтоксикації 54 61 UK V. D. Mishalov A. V. Dunaev 2007 4 28 2007 6 3 A number of the questions related to the reactions of mitochondrial apparatus of atrial cardiomyocites under the chronic alcoholization were dissolved in this study. The purpose of the study was to analyze morphological reactions of mitochondrial apparatus of atrial contractive cardiomyocites in rats on the chronic alcoholic poisoning. Modeling of the chronic alcoholic poisoning in rats was realized by daily introduction of ethyl alcohol per os in dosage 2-3,5 mg/g of rat weight dur-ing 30 days. Morphological research comprised both light and electronic microscopy of myocardium of right and left atria, right and left auricles, and also interatrial septum. Stereological estimation of several indexes was carried out: the compact-ness of mitochondria, numeral compactness of mitohondria, surface area of external mitochondrial membrane, compactness of mitochondrial cristae, number of mitochondrial cristae, surface area of internal mitochondrial membrane, degree of cristae orientation, coefficient of mitochondrial sphericity, volume of mitochondrium, quantitative correlation of types of mitochon-dria. It was shown that the reaction of different types of mitochondria on development of chronic alcoholization in atrial con-tractive cardiomyocites depends on the structural-metabolic type of mitochondria. Under the chronic alcoholic poisoning the moderate diffuse reduction of mitochondrial apparatus of contractive cardiomyocites takes place that is accompanied by the prolonged renewal of high-energy mitochondria and causes energetical limitation of contractive function of atrial myocardium.

Ukrainian Scientific Society of Anatomists, Histologists, Embryologists Morfologiâ 1997-9665 1 3 2007 9 19 Ontogenyc transformations of ovaries in prenatal period of numan development Онтогенетичні перетворення яєчників у пренатальному періоді розвитку людини 62 69 UK V. F. Marchuk 2007 5 8 2007 6 14 The investigation is dedicated to a study of peculiarities of morphogenesis and the establishment process of ovaries in prenatal period of human ontogenesis. With the help of a complex of morphological methods human embryos, prefetuses and fetuses have been researched. А marked variance of the external structure and the location of the ovaries in prefetuses and in fetuses has been established, the periods of their accelerated and delayed growth have been determined. Asymmetry of the ovaries and their correlation on the basis of the morphometric parameters has been estimated. The ovaries are located in the abdominal cavity more cranially to the terminal line of the pelvis prior to the birth of an infant. For the first time the rate of the ovarian growth during the fetal period, the absence of morphofunctional interdependence of the formation of the ovaries and pelvic bones have been evaluated. The prefetal period is distinguished by the process of delimitation of the sexual glands from the mesonephroi and that results in the formation of the mesentery and hilum of the gonads, by the dynamic character of the topographo-anatomical relationships of the sex glands with the adjacent organs and structures, as well as close correlations with the development of the gastrointestinal tract, liver, pancreas, adrenal glands and mesonephroi. The ovaries of 4-6 month old fetuses are to be found in the abdominal cavity in a vertical position, as a rule. An oblique position primarily, seldom a horizontal position of the ovaries are observed in 7-9 month old fetuses. A horizontal position of the ovaries prevails in 10 month old fetuses. During the fetal period close topographo-anatomical relationships of both ovaries with the loops of the small intestine, sigmoid colon, ureters, common iliac vessels are defined.

Ukrainian Scientific Society of Anatomists, Histologists, Embryologists Morfologiâ 1997-9665 1 3 2007 9 19 Quantitative evaluation of tissue reconfigurations after the plastic reconstruction of experimental defect of the anterior abdominal wall in rats Кількісна оцінка тканинних перебудов після проведення пластики експериментального дефекту передньої черевної стінки у щурів 70 79 UK I. I. Malkov 2007 4 23 2007 5 27 The active retrieval of methods for the increase of the efficiency of ventral hernia alloplasty is performed now; however the structural-functional changes of scar and muscle tissues during their reorganization are still little studied. The analysis of relationship of connective tissue with the hemomicrocirculation elements plays the important role for the understanding of the structural-functional condition of the anterior abdominal wall and also concrete mechanisms of reorganization of microvessels taking into account the dynamics of muscle-aponeurotic structures reconfiguration. The purpose of the current study was to determine the dynamics of structural-functional reconfiguration of microcircular and muscle-aponeurotic components, as well as connective tissue in the anterior abdominal wall after alloplasty of experimental ventral defect with the polypropylene monofilament net "Prolene". The quantitative morphological analysis was carried out during 1 year. The analysis of scar tissue formation and muscles reconfiguration in the anterior abdominal wall after plastic reconstruction of experimental defect allowed to reveal that the presence of polypropylene prosthetic device increases the duration of early inflammatory processes in a moderate degree, providing, however, adequate and full structural reconfiguration of scar and muscle tissue in the future, including microcirculation components.

Ukrainian Scientific Society of Anatomists, Histologists, Embryologists Morfologiâ 1997-9665 1 3 2007 9 19 Proliferation of cardiomyocytes in relation to coronary vessels prenatal development in human heart Проліферація кардіоміоцитів в аспекті пренатального розвитку коронарних судин серця людини 80 84 UK O. Yu. Pototskaya N. S. Petruk E. I. Shapoval 2007 4 13 2007 5 25 The objectives of our exploration were to define the relationship between the cardiomyocytes proliferative activity and coronary vessels development. We have examined 20 embryos from 4 up to 8 weeks of embryogenesis and 4 human foetus up to 12 weeks of prenatal development. For identification of endothelium we used specific marker CD34; for estimation of proliferative activity of cardiomyocytes - monoclonal antibodies Кі-67 (МІВ-1); besides, we assigned vimentin for identification of smooth myocytes, fibroblasts and perycites. Immunohistochemical reactions carried out with using of the system of visualization LSAB. In the consequence of investigations, the highest cardiomyocyte proliferative activity has been seen at the moment of the absence of cellular component of coronary vessels. Furthermore, the highest amount of endothelia and vimentin-positive cells in the myocardium correlated with the lowest values of cardiomyocyte proliferative index. This fact casts some doubt of the positive coronary vessels effect upon division activity of myocardial cells. Furthermore, decrease in myocardiocyte divisions accompanied by the increase of the coronary components, that confirms previous conclusion. This contradicts to the data of similar processes in mice, what must be taken in account in further investigations.

Ukrainian Scientific Society of Anatomists, Histologists, Embryologists Morfologiâ 1997-9665 1 3 2007 9 19 The correlation between clinical and pathomorphological effects of induction chemotherapy and long-term results of multimodality treatment for IIIA st. NSCLC. Кореляція клініко-патоморфологічного ефекту індукційної хіміотерапії і віддалених результатів комплексного лікування ІІІА стадії недрібноклітинного раку легенів 85 93 UK O. A. Sukhoversha 2007 3 15 2007 5 17 The aim of the study was the investigation of correlation between clinical and pathomorphological effects of induction chemotherapy (ICT) and long-term results of multimodality treatment for IIIA st. non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). According to analysis of qualitative and quantitative pathomorphological changes in tumors of 102 patients, the NSCLC is well-sensitive for platinum-based ICT: about half of neoplasmas have effective therapeutic pathomorphosis (ThP) with better response rate in low-differentiation tumor and for squamous-cell cancer. Induction chemotherapy improves the results of treatment by means of increasing patients’ operability and survival. If the ICT was effective the operability implied 83%, the stabilization of the process brought 72,1%, and the progress showed only 27,3%. The survival of patients with effective ICT was higher than overage group markers (median survival rate 35,2 month versus 26,2; 3-year survival – 31,0% and 25,8%). The main methods for ICT evaluation are clinical (first of all CT) and pathomorphological. Clinical estimation is the major prognostic characteristic for patients’ operability; pathomorphological study verifies the ICT impact on the tumor and forecast survival rate. Taking into account the dependence of long-term survival from clinical and pathomorphological effects of ICT, it is appropriate to achieve the maximal therapeutic effect during induction treatment. Having progressive disease and absence pathomorphological ICT effect, lowest operability and survival rate, should reject the operation on patients with N2-status IIIA st. NSCLC.

Ukrainian Scientific Society of Anatomists, Histologists, Embryologists Morfologiâ 1997-9665 1 3 2007 9 19 Cholesterolosis and chronic cholecystitis: comperative analysis of state of gall-bladder wall Холестероз и хронический холецистит: сравнительный анализ состояния стенки желчного пузыря 94 100 RU M. B. Shcherbinina Y. V. Zakrevskaya A. S. Korolenko L. I. Lymar 2007 5 3 2007 6 7 The mechanisms of lipid infiltration of gall-bladder (GB) wall in case of cholesterolosis are not known now. The aim of this work was studying the morphologic peculiarities of forming cholesterolosis comparing with state of chronic cholecystitis by anatomical parts of GB using system stereometric analysis. There was performed the histological examination of 2 groups of GB removed by standart laparoscopic cholecystectomy due to cholecystolithiasis. The first group contains GB with diffuse reticular form of cholesterolosis (n=28), the second group contains GB with chronic inflammation without signs of activation (n=21). Using G.G.Avtandilov’s recommendations there were determined the volume interrelations of stroma and epithelium (stromal-epithelial index), cellular content of lamina propria of GB mucosa (neutrophyles, eosinophyles, lymphocytes, plasmocytes, xantom cells), lymphocytes-plasmocytes index. The results were evaluated by t-criterion of Student, changes were statistically evident if р<0,05. There was also used the correlative analysis with estimation of correlation coefficient t. There was established that in case of GB cholesterlolsis the morphologic changes in GB wall had dystrophic character and might accompany with not marked sclerotic changes in mucosa. In case of chronic cholecystitis the inflammatory process lead to atrophic-sclerotic changes. In case of cholecystolithiasis with diffuse reticular form of GB cholesterolosis or chronic cholecystitis the prevalent localization of pathology is corpus and fundus of organ.