Ukrainian Scientific Society of Anatomists, Histologists, Embryologists Morfologiâ 1997-9665 3 2 2009 5 21 Morphological characteristics of free radical processes in endotoxin damage of liver Морфологическая оценка свободнорадикальных процессов при эндотоксиновом поражении печени 5 11 RU A. A. Babanin A. N. Zacharova T. V. Semyonova E. N. Nesterov V. B. Kaliberdenko 2009 1 14 2009 3 2 One of the most important problems of the modern medicine is the damage of liver due to alcoholic disease. Our studies showed some features of morphological changes of liver tissues and level of biochemical markers of oxidative stress, due to experimental endotoxin intoxication. Investigations were done with the aim of modeling the endotoxin damage to the liver of rats. Investigation was carried out on 40 nonlinear rats, divided into 2 groups with 20 rats in each group. The animals of the first group were given for 7 days with intraperitoneal injections of Escherichia coli endotoxin (Sigma USA DO-235), dosage 0,1 mg/kg of body weight. Animals of the second group were used as a control. Character and level of liver damage was studied with the help of morphological methods, including electron and light microscopy. In studying of oxidative stress biochemical methods were used to define conjugated diens and dienketones, spontaneous oxidative modifications of proteins. The following results were revealed: 1) level and depth of morphological changes under endotoxin intoxication correlated with dynamic of content of products of lipid (conjugated diens and dienketones, malonic aldehyde) and protein. The tendency was shown to more significant increase of oxidative modification of proteins in blood serum. It corroborated the data about primary damage of proteins under the effect of free radicals. 2) Under the influence of endotoxins of intestinal microflora, severe discirculatory changes, fat and hydropic dystrophy of hepatocytes with symptoms of toxic damage of their nucleus were found, meanwhile increased functional activity of sinusoidal cells was observed. These changes happened due to direct effects of the endotoxin, and also as a result of oxidative stress. Powerful inductor of these changes was endotoxin. Obtained results showed, that endotoxin is the main factor, which leads to worsening of vital activity of the liver.

Ukrainian Scientific Society of Anatomists, Histologists, Embryologists Morfologiâ 1997-9665 3 2 2009 5 21 Using of oncomarkers in morphological diagnostics of epithelial tumors of thyroid gland Використання онкомаркерів в морфологічній діагностиці епітеліальних пухлин щитовидної залози 12 16 UK O. O. Bondarenko I. S. Shponka P. O. Gritsenko 2009 2 4 2009 3 11 This study is dedicated to research molecular marker’s expression in the differentiated thyroid tumors for prognosis of subsequent clinical course. In this study thyroid tumors were analyzed for NIS, thyroglobulin, galectin-3, p53 expression as well as for proliferation activity (based on Ki-67 expression) depending on the presence of metastases and invasion level. It was identified the prognostic value of each marker of biological properties. The immunophenotypes of thyroid cancers with high risk of tumor dissemination were established. The differential diagnostic marker of follicular tumors was proposed as well. These immunomorphology tumor profile based findings allow to predict the clinical course of thyroid cancer that make possible to separate the groups of patients, which need more careful clinical observing and examination, individualization of treatment as well as group of patients, which may get less invasive treatment methods.

Ukrainian Scientific Society of Anatomists, Histologists, Embryologists Morfologiâ 1997-9665 3 2 2009 5 21 Morphologic changes of lung tissue in condition of consuming salts of heavy metals Морфологічні перетворення легеневої тканини в умовах вживання солей важких металів 17 23 UK A. D. Volkohon 2009 1 24 2009 2 28 The work presents the results of research of a pulmonary tissue of 72 laboratory rats of different ages which within three months have been drinking water with salts of lead, chrome and zinc. By means of anatomical, histological, ultramicroscopic and spectrochemical methods it was established: a concentration of said before ions at the end of experiment was the most increased in lungs of young aged rats – on 126,85%, 104,28% and 34,44% respectively; the most significant morphological changes was noted in lungs of aged experimental rats: it was observed a signs of emphysema transformation (increasing of width of alveolus on 96,0%, width of entrance to alveolus - on 96,0%, width of conducting department - on 7,6%, decreasing of alveolar depth on 16,93%) and the signs of pneumosclerosis (accumulation of connective tissue in lungs and increasing of interstitial space on 11,34%). Noted changes were the result of toxic influence of combination of heavy metal salts on alveolar structures of lungs. This fact affects badly on respiratory function.

Ukrainian Scientific Society of Anatomists, Histologists, Embryologists Morfologiâ 1997-9665 3 2 2009 5 21 Research of some sides of antifungal activity mechanism act of new adamantane derivative Дослідження деяких сторін механізму антигрибкової дії нового похідного адамантану 24 27 UK N. A. Vrynchanu O. V. Sergienko Yu. N. Maksimov 2009 1 14 2009 3 2 Mechanism of the antiviral action of adamantane-containing preparations caused by their membranotropic properties. In the screening studies we discovered the substance 4-adamantyl-1(1-aminobutil) benzene (substance AM-166) with the wide spectrum of antimicrobic action. AM-166 suppresses increase and multiplication of bacteria (aerobic, anaerobic) and fungi (yeast like, mold and dermatomyces). The ointment for treating the pyoinflammatory processes was developed on the basis of adamantane-containing substance. The purpose of our experiments was to learn some sides of the mechanism of the antifungal action of substance AM-166 at the ultramicroscopic level. Experiments were carried out on the Candida albicans NCTC885/653. Substance concentration was 4 MIC. Ultrathin sections obtained on the ultratome LKB-880 U and contrasted by acetate of uranyl and by citrate of lead, were investigated in the electron microscope EM-125 K. It is established, that the substance AM-166 in concentration 4 MIC causes the damage of cell wall and cytoplasmic structures of the yeast-like fungus of C.albicans. These disturbances were recorded after 1 h of incubation with the substance AM-166. Thus, our experiments showed that the inhibiting action of adamantane-containing substance is caused, first of all, by influence on the cellular membrane of fungus.

Ukrainian Scientific Society of Anatomists, Histologists, Embryologists Morfologiâ 1997-9665 3 2 2009 5 21 Morphological aspects of efficiency of the combined treatment of distal gastric cancer with preoperative irradiation. Морфологические аспекты эффективности комбинированного лечения рака дистального отдела желудка с предоперационной лучевой терапией 28 36 RU Y. V. Dumanskiy O. I. Balashova D. L. Vlasenko T. E. Teteryadchenko I. N. Velichko 2009 2 10 2009 3 20 The cancer of stomach continues to occupy one of leading places in the structure of oncologic pathology in Ukraine and in the world. The general goal of our research was an estimation of efficiency and comparison of results of the combined and surgical treatment of distal gastric cancer, and also investigation of dependence of the got results from the morphological features of tumor. From January, 1995 for December, 2002 in the Dnepropetrovsk regional clinical oncologic dispensary got treatment 345 patients by the cancer of lower third of body and antral department of stomach. From them 91 patient was treated by the combined method with the use of the neoadjuvant remote gamma therapy. Therapeutic pathomorphism of degrees III to IV was observed in 47.7% patients after neoadjuvant remote gamma therapy and was mostly expressed in G2 and G3 tumors. For these patients the indexes of lethality to 1 year went down; the results of 3 and 5 - years survivability, indexes of median of survivability were improved. The got results showed that the preoperative irradiation of distal gastric cancer allowed to improve the results of treatment of this category of patients.

Ukrainian Scientific Society of Anatomists, Histologists, Embryologists Morfologiâ 1997-9665 3 2 2009 5 21 The biometric analysis of wall of human heart Биометрический анализ сердечной стенки человека 37 41 RU S. V. Kozlov 2009 1 28 2009 3 5 The purpose of our research was an establishment of regional morphological features of wall of human heart at fetuses, newborns and children. As a material for the research hearts of fetuses of 28-32 weeks (n=9), newborns (n=12) and children (n=14), who have died from reasons not connected with cardiovascular pathology, have served. By the methods of organometrii and variation statistics, the conducted biometric analysis of wall of heart has shown, that structural-functional reorganization of a heart wall during studied age periods (along with the increase of linear-weight parameters of heart, growth-weight parameters of organism) is connected with the increase in thickness of heart wall, changes of density of heart wall and redistribution of specific weight of heart wall at transition from intra-uterine to after birth lives. The redistribution of mass in a cardiac wall takes place both on a height and on its circumference.

Ukrainian Scientific Society of Anatomists, Histologists, Embryologists Morfologiâ 1997-9665 3 2 2009 5 21 Dynamics of relative weight of rats suprarenal glands, thymus and spleen under hypergravity Динаміка відносної маси надниркових залоз, тимуса і селезінки щурів під впливом гіпергравітації 42 46 UK G. A. Moroz 2009 2 7 2009 3 12 By weighting and mathematical analysis dynamics of relative weight of suprarenal glands, thymus and spleen of 2, 6 and 12 month male Wistar rats, exposed to repeated influence of gravitational overload (9 g) during 10 and 30 days were studied. Dependence of changes of relative weight of animal organs on age and multiplicity of systematic hypergravitation influence was exposed. It is determine that 2 and 6 month rats possess the most capabilities of adaptation to repeated gravitational overloads. 12 month rats, revealing relative resistance to ten-fold gravitational overload, at continuous repeating overloads (30 days), reveal the depletion regulatory systems of organism tendency.

Ukrainian Scientific Society of Anatomists, Histologists, Embryologists Morfologiâ 1997-9665 3 2 2009 5 21 Three-dimensional computer modeling of birds proepicardium on different stages of embryogenesis Трехмерное компьютерное моделирование проэпикарда птиц на этапах эмбриогенеза 47 54 RU O. Yu. Pototskaya 2009 1 29 2009 3 20 As the proepicardium is the source of many cell populations of the mature heart, including cell components of coronary vessels, its investigation became actual last time. It is known, that there are some differences between birds and mammalian proepicardium; one of them consists in the way, in which they contact to myocardium: mammalian proepicardium produce vesicles, which contact to atrioventricular groove, wile in birds there is no vesicles and whole protrusions of proepicardium attach to the heart. But, recent years it became evident, that in rat proepicardium there are no vesicles during all stages of its existence, and in birds there is a proepicardium-like structure producing vesicles, which attach to the heart. Thus, the goal of our research was to characterize changes in the shape of proepicardium during bird’s embryogenesis. We used Cobb 500 chick embryos as a material; on the basis of pictures of proepicardium serial sections, with the help of Photoshop CS2, Amira for microscopy 5.0, 3ds max 8.0 computer programs, we made three-dimensional models of proepicardium on 15, 16, 17, 18, 21 stages of development by V.Hamburger, H.Hamilton, 1951. The most important changes in proepicardium shape observed from 14 to 20 stages of development. During this period proepicardium appeared on the right horn of sinus venous, enlarged and formed several crests, which contacted to atrioventricular groove. Coalescence of these crests led to dorsal mesocardium formation. From 21 to 27 stages of development there were no significant changes in proepicardium shape; the area of its contact to sinus venous was grown downwards while the area of contact to the heart enlarged. No vesicles, no “finger-like protrusions” were observed on any stage of bird’s development.

Ukrainian Scientific Society of Anatomists, Histologists, Embryologists Morfologiâ 1997-9665 3 2 2009 5 21 The basic and additional immunohistochemical criteria in differential diagnostics of tumors and tumor-like processes of mammary gland Основні та додаткові імуногістохімічні критерії у диференціальній діагностиці пухлинних та пухлиноподібних процесів молочної залози 55 61 UK I. S. Shponka V. A. Bondareva Ya. V. Antonovskaya 2009 1 12 2009 3 11 Morphological diagnostics of mammary gland neoplasm is complex due to polymorphism of tumors and tumor-like processes. The purpose of our research was to reveal the basic and additional immunohistochemical markers for differential diagnostics of some diseases. We have established that the basic markers for differential diagnostics of adenosis and invasive carcinomas were MSA, α-SMA, S100, collagen IV, р63, Кі-67 and р53, additional - 34βЕ12, СК7, СК8, СК5/6, E-cadgerin. The loss of expression of myoepithelial markers, positive reaction with Кі-67, р53, Her2/neu also matters. Mutually contrary patterns of 34βЕ12 and E-cadgerin expression allow to differentiate ductal or lobular primacy of process. СК7, СК8, 34βЕ12 play a key role in differential diagnostics of carcinosarcomas and sarcomas. myoepithelial markers and basal membrane also give the additional information. At differential diagnostics of carcinoma and malignant tumors of other nature СК7, СК8, E-cadgerin, Her2/neu, ER/PgR, myoepithelial markers were the most important, being typical only for epithelial tumors. At Paget disease the reliable diagnostic criteria are absence of S100 and expression of certain classes СК (more often luminal epithelium СК7, СК8), E-cadgerin, СЕА. Clone AE1/AE3 and revealing СК7 is valuable for diagnostics of micro-metastasises.

Ukrainian Scientific Society of Anatomists, Histologists, Embryologists Morfologiâ 1997-9665 3 2 2009 5 21 Features of morphological changes of duodenal mucosa in patients with biliary calculosis Особливості морфологічних змін слизової оболонки дванадцятипалої кишки при жовчнокам’яній хворобі 62 67 UK M. B. Shcherbinina V. M. Gladun A. S. Korolenko 2009 1 14 2009 3 2 Today there are up to the end not established mechanisms of pathological changes of a duodenal mucosa at biliary calculosis. Investigation of morphological condition of duodenal mucosa at patients with biliary calculosis was the aim of this work. Histological examination of duodenal mucosa bioptats taken during esophagogastroduodenoscopy of two groups of supervision was carried out. 1-st group included patients with presence in a gallbladder biliary sludge and stones ≤5 mm (n=13). 2-nd group was presented by patients with stones in a gallbladder of ≥5 mm (n=13). The morphological evaluation of chronic duodenitis, degree of activity of inflammation and atrophy of duodenal mucosa were performed. A volume fraction of villi, intestinal glands, lymphocytes, and plasmocytes, with definition of lymphoplasmocytes index were studied in percentage. The results were evaluated by t-criterion of Student, changes were statistically evident if р<0,05. Also we used the correlative analysis for estimation of correlation coefficient, r. There was established, that exchange-inflammatory changes of gallbladder and morphological signs of chronic duodenitis were more significant in 2-nd group of patients. Characteristically for patients of this group was moderated chronic duodenitis (80 %, р<0,05). Morphological changes in duodenal mucosa were connected with inflammatory processes in walls of a gallbladder (correlation communications were established).